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Modern vehicles are equipped with a Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) to detect low tire pressure. The two primary systems are Direct TPMS and Indirect TPMS. The Direct TPMS uses sensors in each tire to provide real-time pressure readings, while the Indirect TPMS relies on the vehicle's Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) wheel speed sensors to estimate tire pressure based on wheel rotation differences. No matter which system a vehicle has, the purpose of the TPMS is to send an alert so the driver can take action (for example, getting off the road if the low pressure is caused by a flat or leak). Properly inflated tires improve fuel efficiency and enhance overall vehicle safety.

Understanding how TPMS sensors work and how to handle common issues will help you keep your tires rolling at their best.

What Is a TPMS Sensor?

For the purpose of this article, we'll be taking a look at how a direct TPMS works, since this is the type of TPMS that uses sensors. You can remember this because a direct TPMS is able to directly monitor tire pressure thanks to these individual sensors, which are typically located inside each tire, attached to the valve stem. The sensors measure the air pressure and transmit this information wirelessly to the vehicle’s onboard computer.

Common TPMS Issues

• TPMS Warning Light On: The most common issue is the TPMS warning light illuminating on the dashboard. This typically indicates that one or more tires are under-inflated. Check tire pressures with a gauge and inflate them to the proper levels.
• Battery Failure: The sensors in the tires are battery-operated and can fail over time, leading to loss of pressure monitoring. TPMS sensors typically last five-ten years. In the case of failure, the TPMS sensors should be replaced.
• Sensor Damage: Sensors can be damaged by road hazards, improper installation, or tire changes, resulting in inaccurate readings.
• Signal Interference: Electronic interference from other devices can disrupt the communication between the sensors and the vehicle's computer.
• Faulty Calibration: After tire rotation or replacement, sensors may need recalibration; failure to do so can lead to erroneous pressure readings.
• Temperature Effects: Extreme temperature changes can impact tire pressure levels, which in turn lead to more frequent tire warning lights. For example, the cold causes tires to condense. If you check the pressure levels, they may show as fine despite the warning. Once you start moving and the tire warms up, the light may go off. However, it is also possible for low temperatures to impact TPMS sensor batteries, shortening their lifespan.
• Poor Installation: Incorrect installation of sensors can lead to malfunction or failure to detect tire pressure accurately. Have the sensors checked to see if their installation is the issue.

If you need a TPMS services in Germantown, MD, we invite you to visit Drive Thru Tire. We are well acquainted with all types of oddities involving the TPMS and tire pressure levels. If you have a tire warning light that keeps coming on despite the tires being at the correct pressure levels, or you're experiencing other concerns related to your tires or Tire Pressure Monitoring System, bring your vehicle to Drive Thru Tire and let our professionals get you rolling carefree again!